Ngo-1939, eminyakeni emine ngemva kokusungulwa kwenayiloni nguWallace Carothers, inayiloni yasetshenziswa esitokisini sikasilika okokuqala njengento entsha, eyayifunwa yizinsizwa nezintombi ezingenakubalwa futhi yaduma emhlabeni.
Lesi isenzakalo esiyingqopha-mlando lapho imboni yesimanje ye-polymer chemistry iqala ukuchuma.Kusukela kumasokisi kasilika kuya kwezimpahla zokugqoka, kuya ezidingweni zansuku zonke, ukupakisha, izinto zikagesi zasendlini, izimoto, indawo yezindiza... Inayiloni iye yathinta kakhulu futhi yashintsha ukuphila komuntu.
Namuhla, izwe libhekene nezinguquko ezinkulu ezingakaze zibonwe ekhulwini leminyaka.Ukungqubuzana kweRussia-Ukraine, inkinga yamandla, ukufudumala kwesimo sezulu, ukuchithwa kwemvelo ... Kulo mongo, izinto ezisekelwe ku-bio ziye zangena emoyeni womlando.
* Izinto ezisekelwe ku-bio zaletha intuthuko ephumelelayo
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto zendabuko ezisekelwe ku-petroleum, izinto ezisekelwe ku-bio zitholakala kumoba, ummbila, utshani, okusanhlamvu, njll., ezinezinzuzo zezinto ezingavuthiwe ezivuselelekayo kanye nokunciphisa kakhulu ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni.Abakwazi nje ukusiza abantu ukuthi banciphise ukuncika kwabo emithonjeni ye-petroleum, kodwa futhi badlale indima ebalulekile ekudambiseni inkinga yamandla emhlabeni wonke.
Izinzuzo ezibalulekile zemvelo zisho ukubaluleka okubalulekile kwezomnotho.I-OECD ibikezela ukuthi ngo-2030, u-25% wamakhemikhali emvelo kanye no-20% wamafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi azothathelwa indawo amakhemikhali asekelwe ku-bio, futhi inani le-bio-economic elisekelwe emithonjeni evuselelekayo lizofinyelela kumadola ayizigidi eziyisigidi.Izinto ezisekelwe ku-bio seziphenduke enye yezindlela ezishisa izikhotha ekutshalweni kwezimali ezimbonini zomhlaba jikelele kanye nokuqanjwa kabusha kwezobuchwepheshe.
E-China, kulandela umgomo wamasu "wekhabhoni ephindwe kabili", "Uhlelo Lweminyaka Emithathu Lokusebenza Lokusheshisa Ukuqanjwa Kwezinto Ezintsha Nokuthuthukiswa Kwezinto Ezingezona Okusanhlamvu Ezisekelwe Kusanhlamvu" olukhishwe izinkonzo namakhomishana ayisithupha ekuqaleni konyaka luzophinde lukhuthaze. ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokwenza ngcono imboni yezinto eziphilayo.Kungabikezelwa ukuthi izinto zasekhaya ezisekelwe ku-bio nazo zizoletha ukuthuthukiswa okuphelele.
* Impahla enayiloni esekwe ku-Bio iba isampula yokuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezisekelwe ku-bio
Izuza ekunakekelweni kwezinga likazwelonke lamasu, kanye nezinzuzo eziningi zezindleko zempahla eluhlaza, isikali semakethe, nokusekelwa okuphelele kohlelo lwezimboni, iChina ekuqaleni isisungule iphethini yokwenziwa kwezimboni kwe-polylactic acid ne-polyamide, kanye nokuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwezinhlobonhlobo. wezinto ezisekelwe ku-bio.
Ngokusho kwedatha, ngo-2021, amandla e-China okukhiqiza izinto ezisekelwe ku-bio azofinyelela amathani ayizigidi ezingu-11 (ngaphandle kwe-biofuels), okuzoba cishe u-31% wengqikithi yomhlaba, nokukhishwa kwamathani ayizigidi ezingu-7 kanye nenani eliphumayo elingaphezu kwe- 150 billion yuan.
Phakathi kwazo, ukusebenza kwezinto ze-bio-nylon kuvelele kakhulu.Ngaphansi kwesizinda se-"double carbon" kazwelonke, amabhizinisi amaningana asekhaya ahola phambili ekwakhiweni kwenkundla ye-bio-nylon, futhi enze intuthuko ocwaningweni lobuchwepheshe kanye nesikali samandla.
Isibonelo, emkhakheni wokupakisha, abahlinzeki basekhaya baye bahlakulela ifilimu ye-biaxial stretching polyamide (okuqukethwe kwe-bio-base 20% ~ 40%), futhi baphumelela isitifiketi se-TUV yenkanyezi eyodwa, baba ngelinye lamabhizinisi ambalwa emhlabeni ngalobu buchwepheshe. .
Ngaphezu kwalokho, iChina ingelinye labakhiqizi abakhulu bakamoba nommbila emhlabeni.Akunzima ukuthola ukuthi kusukela ekuhlinzekweni kwezinto zokusetshenziswa zezitshalo kuya kubuchwepheshe be-nylon polymerization esekelwe ku-bio kuye kubuchwepheshe bokwelula ifilimu enayiloni esekelwe ku-bio, i-China iye yakha buthule uchungechunge lwezimboni enayiloni olusekelwe ku-bio nokuncintisana komhlaba.
Abanye ochwepheshe bathi ngokukhishwa okuqhubekayo kwamandla okukhiqiza embonini ye-nylon esekelwe ku-bio, ukuthandwa nokusetshenziswa kwayo kuyindaba yesikhathi kuphela.Kungagonyelwa ukuthi lawo mabhizinisi aqala ukwakheka kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali kwe-R&D yemboni yenayiloni esekwe ku-bio kusenesikhathi azohola emzuliswaneni omusha woguquko nokuncintisana kwezimboni zomhlaba wonke, kanye nezinto ezisekelwe ku-bio ezimelelwe i-bio-based. izinto zenayiloni nazo zizokhuphukela ezingeni elisha, ngokukhula kancane kancane kwezinhlobo zemikhiqizo kanye nesikali sezimboni, futhi kancane kancane zisuke ocwaningweni lwesayensi nokuthuthukiswa ziye ekusetshenzisweni kwesikali sezimboni.